marine material spillage international oceans
Profiles on SPC member countries and territories
https://www.spc.int/our-members
The Marshall Island Exclusive Economic Zone was measured from the low water line of the seaward side of the normal baseline (coast), the low-water line of the seaward side of the reef fringing the coast or bounding any lagoon waters adjacent to any part of that coast. Marzone delimitation software was used to generate territorial sea limit using the World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS 84) reference datum as stipulated under the Republic of the Marshall Islands Maritime Zone Declaration Act 2016.
Nauru's Territorial Sea Baseline was defined using the 1993 topographic map produce by Survey Graphics Pty Ltd of Perth, Western Australia, under the direction of the Ministry of Island Development and Industry. The map is based on UTM Grid Zone 58, which is referred to the World Geodetic System 1972 (WGS 72). The WGS 72 coordinate system was then converted to WGS 84 using transformation parameters tabled on Nauru Maritime Boundaries Technical Report (TR 399).
The Maritime Zones Act 2013 states that the baseline of the territorial sea of Niue is measured from the low-water mark along the coast of Niue, or where there is a coral reef along any part of the coast of Niue, the low-water mark along the outer edge of the coral reef.
The territorial sea comprises those areas of the sea having, as their inner limits, the baseline and, as their outer limits, a line measured seaward from that baseline, every point of which is distant 12 nautical miles from the nearest point of the baseline.
The Marshall Islands Contiguous Zone was measured from the low water line of the seaward side of the normal baseline (coast), low-water line of the seaward side of the reef fringing the coast and bounding any lagoon waters adjacent to any part of that coast. MarZone delimitation software was used to generate the Contiguous zone using the World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS 84) reference datum as stipulated under the Republic of the Marshall Islands Maritime Zones Declaration Act 2016.
An exclusive economic zone extends from the baseline to a maximum of 200 nautical miles (370.4 km; 230.2 mi), thus it includes the contiguous zone.[3] A coastal nation has control of all economic resources within its exclusive economic zone, including fishing, mining, oil exploration, and any pollution of those resources.
The Marshall Islands Territorial Sea Zone was measured from the low water line of the seaward side of the normal baseline (coast), low-water line of the seaward side of the reef fringing the coast and bounding any lagoon waters adjacent to any part of that coast. MarZone delimitation software was used to generate territorial sea limit using the World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS 84) reference datum as stipulated under the Tuvalu Maritime Zones Act 2012.
Niue's Territorial Sea Baseline was derived using the IKONOS satellite imagery taken in 2004 and Horizontal Datum used was the World Geodetic Datum 1984 (WGS 84) as stipulated under Section 12 of the Maritime Zones Act 2013.
The Maritime Zones Act 2013 states that the contiguous zone comprises those areas of the sea that are beyond and adjacent to the territorial sea, having as their outer limits a line measured seaward from the baseline, every point of which is distant 24 nautical miles from the nearest point of the baseline.
The Nauru Territorial Sea Zone was measured from the low water line of the seaward side of the normal baseline (coast) or the low-water line of the seaward side of the reef fringing the coast. MarZone delimitation software was used to generate territorial sea limit using the World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS 84) reference datum as stipulated under the Nauru Sea Boundaries Act 1997.
Nauru Contiguous Zone was calculated from its territorial sea baseline using a special maritime boundaries delimitation software called MarZone. The Proclamation Sea Boundaries Act 1997 states the geographical coordinates are expressed using World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS84).
Following captures noted announcement on tarriff adjustments effective 1st March 2019.
The graph below shows how Tonga Power Limited (TPL) was holding its tariff since 2017 to February 2019, whilst diesel fluctuates over the same period.
Source: Tonga Power Limited
The following captures the Tuvalu Electricity Corporation (TEC) annual electricity statistics from 2014 to 2017
Photos from the meeting....
Work is part of the SOPAC Regional assitance to the countries on wind advisory.
The Gridded Population of the World, Version 4 (GPWv4): Population Density, Revision 11 consists of estimates of human population density (number of persons per square kilometer) based on counts consistent with national censuses and population registers, for the years 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. A proportional allocation gridding algorithm, utilizing approximately 13.5 million national and sub-national administrative units, was used to assign population counts to 30 arc-second grid cells.
Bio-ORACLE is a set of GIS rasters providing geophysical, biotic and environmental data for surface and benthic marine realms. The data are available for global-scale applications at a spatial resolution of 5 arcmin (approximately 9.2 km at the equator).
Linking biodiversity occurrence data to the physical and biotic environment provides a framework to formulate hypotheses about the ecological processes governing spatial and temporal patterns in biodiversity, which can be useful for marine ecosystem management and conservation.
GEBCO's aim is to provide the most authoritative publicly-available bathymetry of the world's oceans. It operates under the joint auspices of the International Hydrographic Organization(IHO) and the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) (of UNESCO).
GEBCO produces and makes available a range of bathymetric data sets and products. This includes a global bathymetric grid; gazetteer of undersea feature names, a Web Map Service and printable maps of ocean bathymetry.
Dataset includes various regional-scale spatial data layers in geojson format.