In response to climate change impacts like rising sea levels, efforts are being made in the Pacific Islands region to assess and adapt to the effects on mangroves. This includes improving management practices, reducing stress on mangroves, and integrating climate data into land-use planning to minimize risks to coastal ecosystems and human safety.
This chapter discusses advances in climate change impact, adaptation, and vulnerability assessment methods, emphasizing the growing use of risk management frameworks, stakeholder involvement, and diverse scenario approaches. These developments aim to provide policy-relevant information for effective decision-making in the face of climate change, recognizing the importance of considering non-climate factors and regional-scale scenarios.
This chapter explores the complex interactions within the climate system, emphasizing the significance of understanding climate's physical and social impacts at various scales. It underscores the importance of assessing vulnerability to climate conditions, focusing on sensitivity, exposure, and resilience, especially in Pacific Island communities facing climate-related challenges.
This report, part of the Pacific Islands Regional Climate Assessment (PIRCA), discusses climate change indicators and their impacts on key sectors in American Samoa. PIRCA, a collaborative effort involving various stakeholders, aims to inform and prioritize actions in response to climate change in the US-Affiliated Pacific Islands and the Hawaiian archipelago.
This project focuses on assessing American Samoa's vulnerability to natural hazards and the impacts of climate change. It engaged with the community through an online survey, interviews, and a preparedness workshop in Pago Pago. The goal is to help residents and professionals in American Samoa prepare for future hazard events and climate change impacts, providing information, stories, and guidance on disaster and climate change preparedness
Following the 2009 Samoa-Tonga earthquake, the Samoan islands, including Savai'i, Upolu, and Tutuila, have experienced accelerated sea-level rise, driven by subsidence and gravity changes, with American Samoa witnessing a 5 times faster rate than the global average. A viscoelastic model predicts a continued sea-level rise of 30-40 cm, intensifying coastal flooding.
The absence of historical sea-level data for the Pacific over the past 1,000 years hinders our understanding of late Neogene sea-level changes. Data from tectonically stable sites in various Pacific locations suggest that sea level was close to its present level around 1,000 years ago, rose to approximately 0.9 meters above present levels around 700 years ago during the Little Climatic Optimum, then fell during the Little Ice Age before gradually rising again over the past 200 years. Tags: Pacific, sea-level change, historical data, Little Climatic Optimum, Little Ice Age.
Climate services, which provide actionable information about climate impacts, are crucial for Pacific Islands' policy, planning, and decision-making. NOAA, in collaboration with regional partners, has undertaken projects to enhance climate services through capacity building, engagement with users, and tailored information delivery, resulting in better-informed decisions and increased regional coordination.
The U.S.-Affiliated Pacific Islands (USAPI) are meteorologically characterized by tropical latitudes, consistently warm temperatures, high humidity, and frequent extreme weather events influenced by factors like the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and tropical cyclones. Climate change effects, including rising sea levels and temperature, are impacting these islands, potentially leading to more severe droughts and intense precipitation events, particularly affecting freshwater resources and local ecosystems.
American Samoa boasts rich coral reefs fringing its islands, with coral reef protection integrated into a national system, including management by the National Park of American Samoa and the National Marine Sanctuary Program. The division between American Samoa and independent Samoa is relatively recent, with intertwined pre-Western histories and cultural connections that endure today among all Samoan Islands.
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has developed regression equations for estimating flood-peak discharges, essential for designing infrastructure and managing flood plains. This Fact Sheet focuses on the application of the updated National Flood-Frequency (NFF) Program to rural areas on the island of Tutuila, American Samoa, while noting that new equations have been developed for various regions across the United States.
Oregon State University's PRISM Group conducted a project to create updated climate maps for various Pacific island regions, including the Hawaiian Islands, Guam, CNMI, Palau, American Samoa, and the Federated States of Micronesia. These maps, produced at high resolution, encompassed temperature and precipitation data for the period of 1971-2000, aiding in climate analysis and resource management for these areas.
This dataset hosts all the climate risk profiles published for Samoa
Historical rainfall data from the Climate Change Knowledge Portal , World Bank Group
(Website: http://sdwebx.worldbank.org/climateportal/index.cfm?page=downscaled_dat…)
This chapter provides a brief description of Papua New Guinea, its past and present climate as well as projections for the future. The climate observation network and the availability of atmospheric and oceanic data records are outlined. The annual mean climate, seasonal cycles and the influences of large-scale climate features such as the West Pacific Monsoon and patterns of climate variability (e.g. the El Niño‑Southern Oscillation) are analysed and discussed.
This technical note is intended to support climate risk assessment (CRA) experts, in particular, those undertaking the early stages of project development. Time and resources could be saved by attaching this document to terms of reference issued to CRA consultants. However, there is a limit to which globally accessible, open source
data can meet the detailed information needs of local adaptation projects. This note supplements rather than replaces efforts to gather relevant climate information from government agencies and counterparts, especially during the project concept phase.
Papua New Guinea Resource Information System Handbook
PNG Climate Road Map
PNG is signatory to number of Multilateral Environmental Agreements and UN Conventions, in which CEPA administers 14 of them. The treaties focuses mainly on biodiversity, climate, wastes& pollution.