The Maritime Zones Act (MZA) 2018 for Cooks Islands repeals the Territorial Sea and Exclusive Economic Zone Act 1977, (Act No. 16 of 14 November 1977). It states that the territorial sea comprises of those areas of the sea;
(a) having as their inner limits the breadth of the territorial baselines and is measured from the low-water mark along the coast of the Cook Islands or where there is coral reef along any part of the coast of the Cook Islands, the low-water mark along the outer edge of the coral reef.
The Marine Zones (Declaration) Act 2011 repeals the Marine Zones (Declaration) Act 1983. It states that the "Contiguous Zone" means waters beyond the territorial sea within a distance of twenty-four (24) nautical miles from the baselines from which the breadth of the territorial sea is measured.
The Marine Zones (Declaration) Act 2011 repeals the Marine Zones (Declaration) Act 1983. It states that the exclusive economic zone comprises those waters beyond the territorial sea of Kiribati, but within a distance of two hundred (200) nautical miles from the baseline of Kiribati, shall be the exclusive economic zone of the Republic of Kiribati.
EIA Amend Regulation that include Social Safeguard System
The classification groups for the deepwater biological regions were driven by 30 environmental datasets including depth,
salinity and sea surface temperature.
*refer to pdf for more information*
reef associated bioregions of Vanuatu
*refer to pdf for more information*
There are not perfect data which describe the distribution and abundance of every marine habitat and species in the Pacific. And certainly not at a scale that is useful for national planning in the ocean. Bioregionalisation, or the classification of the marine environment into spatial units that host similar biota, can serve to provide spatially explicit surrogates of biodiversity for marine conservation and management. Existing marine bioregionalisations however, are at a scale that is too broad for national governments in the Pacific to use.
The Tonga Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) was conducted in 2019 by the Tonga Statistics Department in collaboration with Ministry of Health with technical support of Ministry of Internal Affairs – Women’s Affairs and Gender Equality Division (WAGED) and other key Government Ministries UNICEF, UNFPA, the Pacific Community (SPC) and other partners. The survey provides statistically sound and internationally comparable data essential for developing evidence-based policies and programs, and for monitoring progress toward national goals and global commitments.
The Code of the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) was amended to include the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), to increase the size of its Territorial Sea and to be inclusive of the current political status of FSM and other purpose as it deem fit (16 December 1988)
Based on section 102 and 103 of the Act that amends the Code of the Federated States of Micronesia, it describes the territorial sea as being established by twelve nautical miles' breadth. The inner boundary of the Territorial Sea of each island or atoll is the baseline. The outer boundary is a line, every point of which is twelve nautical miles seaward of the nearest point of the baseline.