This table provides a summary of the estimated costs for recovery and reconstruction. Total recovery and reconstruction is estimated at VT 34.1 billion (US$316 million). Of this amount VT 10.3 billion (US$95 million) is focused over the short-term (12 months to four years).
*data extracted from the PDNA Cyclone Pam 2015*
For the purpose of this PDNA, the agricultural sector is defined to include the crops, livestock, fishery, and forestry subsectors
Commerce and industry comprises close to 40% of GDP and is therefore a key sector for Vanuatu. Tropical Cyclone Pam damaged the sector’s buildings and inputs for production, and it continued to affect the sector through increased costs of inputs and reduced activity in the economy. It is important to note that the figures reported are likely to be underestimated due to the amount of data available for inclusion within this PDNA, which was prepared in a short time frame.
Vanuatu has obligations under these international conventions and agreements
Between March 12 and 14, 2015, Tropical Cyclone Pam struck Vanuatu as an extremely destructive Category 5 cyclone, with estimated wind speeds of 250km/h and wind gusts that peaked at around 320km/h. This assessment provides estimates to the the damages and losses, and identifies the needs of the affected population.
List of international environmental related agreements and conventions to which Vanuatu is obligated to.
*adopted from the Vanuatu National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan 2018 - 2030, pg 24*
this is a post disaster assessment report - cyclone Pam 2015
The PacWaste Plus Programme has a specific Key Result Area (KRA) which requires specific action on the collation and review of existing data on waste and pollution at the regional and national level and identify key areas where further data needs to be collected including gender sensitive and rights-based information. Specifically, the project seeks to, i) Undertake waste audits in Federated States of Micronesia, Republic of Marshall Islands, Nauru and Vanuatu. This dataset holds waste audit data for Vanuatu, put together by Tonkin &Taylor on behalf of the Secretariat.
The TC Outlook is based on statistical analyses of historical tropical cyclones data that occurred dating back to the 1970’s in similar ENSO-Neutral conditions, the same methodology developed by regional centers, with national Tropical Cyclone Outlooks utilizing national datasets.
For Samoa, (7) analogue (mapped) seasons are identical to the current ENSO conditions. Analogue Seasons (1986/87; 1990/91; 2003/04; 2004/05; 2006/07; 2009/10; 2014/15)
*Data Extracted from pdf*
Average water consumption for SWA customers is in the range of 140 to 180 litres per person per day (L/c.d) which is comparable to international norm of between 150 and 200L/c.d. The SWA aims to further reduce per capita water through demand management practices to encourage wise water usage to preserve and conserve water resources.
*Data extracted from the Water and Sanitation Sector Plan 2016 - 2020*
Data extracted from the Water and Sanitation Sector Plan 2016 - 2020, page 53
The results of the National Water and Sanitation Baseline Survey (NWBS) indicate that 91.3% of Samoans have access to a piped water supply.
*Data extracted from National Water and Sanitation Baseline Survey 2015 (refer to pdf for more information)*
In addition, production losses and higher production costs arising from the disaster across all sectors (referred to as losses) are estimated at SAT 229.4 million, or US$100.6 million. Thus the total effects of the disaster amount to SAT 465 million, or US$203.9 million.
Damages to the sector were mostly to water supply infrastructure and on-site sanitation systems, including septic tanks,
pour flush pit latrines, and dry pit latrines. Total damages are estimated at SAT 8.8 million, while losses were estimated
as SAT 3.8 million more.
*data extracted from the PDNA Evan 2012 report, pg 69*
The overall damages sustained to cultural heritage were assessed as moderate, although there are several landmarks of Samoa that suffered severe damages. The historic buildings of most concern are the Robert Louis Stevenson Museum (RLSM) and the Old Courthouse. Damages at RLSM are mostly to the botanical garden surrounding the museum. In the Old Courthouse, water leakage from the damaged ceiling continues to affect the floor in the building. The assessment also highlights the damage and loss relating to the integrity and authenticity of the Fagaloa–Uofato protected area.
The environmental assets most affected by Cyclone Evan were the lowland forest areas on the southern coast of Upolu. Damage to these assets are expected to result in substantial production losses to the water, forestry, and tourism sectors in particular, as well as cause harm to biodiversity in these areas.
*data extracted from PDNA Evan 2012, pg 91*
The agriculture and fisheries sectors sustained significant damage and loss. The worst hit agricultural areas are the southwest, central, and southern parts and the central highlands of Upolu island.
*data extracted from PDNA Evan 2012 report, pg 18 *
It has been found that 55 percent of disaster effects fall within public sector ownership, while the remaining 45
percent of effects are within private enterprises and individual ownership